- (405) 377-9510
- [email protected]
- 616 N Washington St., Stillwater, OK, 74075
Welcome to Assiddiq Online School
Section: Sirah
Introduction to the Sirah of Prophet Muhammad ﷺ
The Sirah of Prophet Muhammad ﷺ refers to the life story and biography of the final messenger of Islam, Prophet Muhammad ﷺ. His life is considered a model of excellence and is a source of inspiration for millions of Muslims around the world. The Sirah is not only a recounting of historical events but also provides valuable lessons about leadership, patience, justice, compassion, and devotion to Allah (God).
Prophet Muhammad ﷺ was born in Mecca in 570 CE into the noble Quraysh tribe. His early life was marked by hardship, as he lost his father before he was born and his mother when he was only six years old. Despite these challenges, Muhammad ﷺ grew up to become known as Al-Amin (The Trustworthy) and As-Sadiq (The Truthful) for his honesty and integrity.
At the age of 40, Prophet Muhammad ﷺ received his first revelation from the Angel Jibreel (Gabriel) while meditating in the Cave of Hira. This marked the beginning of his prophethood, and over the next 23 years, he delivered the message of Islam, calling people to worship the One God (Allah) and live a life of righteousness and piety.
The Sirah of Prophet Muhammad ﷺ encompasses various aspects of his life, including his early years, prophethood, struggles, victories, and the establishment of the Islamic state in Medina. It also highlights his remarkable character, leadership, and the profound impact he had on the world. Understanding the Sirah helps Muslims to strengthen their faith and follow the example set by the Prophet ﷺ in every aspect of their lives.
Q 01: What is the lineage of Prophet Muhammad ﷺ?
Answer: Prophet Muhammad ﷺ belonged to the noble Quraysh tribe and the respected Hashim clan. His full name was Muhammad ibn Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib ibn Hashim. His lineage traces back to Prophet Ibrahim (Abraham) through his son Ismail (Ishmael).
Q 02: When and where was Prophet Muhammad ﷺ born?
Answer: Prophet Muhammad ﷺ was born in Mecca, on the 12th of Rabi' al-Awwal, 570 CE, a year known as the "Year of the Elephant" (*Aam al-Feel*).
Q 03: Who were the parents of Prophet Muhammad ﷺ?
Answer: His father was Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib, who passed away before his birth. His mother was Amina bint Wahb, who died when he was six years old.
Q 04: Who raised Prophet Muhammad ﷺ after the death of his parents?
Answer: After his mother’s death, his grandfather, Abdul-Muttalib, took care of him. When Abdul-Muttalib died two years later, his uncle, Abu Talib, became his guardian and supported him throughout his life.
Q 05: What was Prophet Muhammad ﷺ known for during his youth?
Answer: He was known as *Al-Amin* (The Trustworthy) and *As-Sadiq* (The Truthful) due to his honesty, integrity, and reliability.
Q 06: Whom did Prophet Muhammad ﷺ marry first?
Answer: He married Khadijah bint Khuwaylid, a wealthy merchant widow, when he was 25 years old and she was 40. Their marriage lasted 25 years and was marked by mutual love and respect.
Q 07: How many children did Prophet Muhammad ﷺ have?
Answer: The Prophet ﷺ had six children with Khadijah:
- Sons: Qasim and Abdullah (both died young).
- Daughters: Zainab, Ruqayyah, Umm Kulthum, and Fatimah.
Q 08: When did Prophet Muhammad ﷺ receive his first revelation?
Answer: He received his first revelation at the age of 40, in the Cave of Hira, near Mecca. Angel Jibreel (Gabriel) delivered the first verses of the Qur'an: "Read in the name of your Lord who created..." (Surah Al-Alaq 96:1-5).
Q 09: What is the significance of the first revelation?
Answer: The first revelation marked the beginning of his prophethood and the message of Islam, calling humanity to worship one God (Allah) and to live a righteous life.
Q 10: Who were the first converts to Islam?
Answer: The first converts included:
- Khadijah bint Khuwaylid (his wife).
- Ali ibn Abi Talib (his cousin).
- Zayd ibn Harithah (his adopted son).
- Abu Bakr As-Siddiq (his close friend).
Q 11: What challenges did the Prophet ﷺ face in Mecca?
Answer: The Prophet and his followers faced severe persecution, including:
- Social and economic boycotts.
- Torture of companions like Bilal ibn Rabah and Sumayyah bint Khayyat (the first martyr of Islam).
- Attempts to assassinate him.
Q 12: What was the Hijrah (Migration)?
Answer: The Hijrah was the migration of the Prophet ﷺ and his followers from Mecca to Medina in 622 CE to escape persecution. It marked the beginning of the Islamic calendar.
Q 13: What was the significance of the Constitution of Medina?
Answer: The Constitution of Medina was a treaty established by the Prophet ﷺ to govern the multi-religious and multi-ethnic city. It ensured justice, mutual respect, and cooperation among Muslims, Jews, and other tribes.
Q 14: What were the major battles fought during the Prophet's lifetime?
Answer: The major battles include:
- Battle of Badr (624 CE): A decisive Muslim victory against the Quraysh.
- Battle of Uhud (625 CE): A setback for the Muslims due to disobedience within their ranks.
- Battle of Khandaq (Trench) (627 CE): A defensive strategy that repelled the Quraysh siege.
- Battle of Hunayn (630 CE): A victory after the conquest of Mecca.
Q 15: What was the Treaty of Hudaybiyyah?
Answer: The Treaty of Hudaybiyyah (628 CE) was a 10-year truce between the Muslims and the Quraysh. Though initially seen as a compromise, it paved the way for the peaceful spread of Islam.
Q 16: When did the conquest of Mecca take place?
Answer: The conquest of Mecca occurred in 630 CE. The Prophet ﷺ entered the city peacefully, forgave his enemies, and cleansed the Kaaba of idols.
Q 17: What was the Prophet’s Farewell Sermon?
Answer: Delivered during his last pilgrimage in 632 CE, the Farewell Sermon emphasized:
- The equality of all humans.
- The sanctity of life and property.
- Rights of women.
- Adherence to the Qur'an and Sunnah.
Q 18: When and where did Prophet Muhammad ﷺ pass away?
Answer: The Prophet ﷺ passed away on 12th Rabi' al-Awwal, 632 CE, in Medina, at the age of 63.
Q 19: What is the significance of Prophet Muhammad ﷺ in Islam?
Answer: Prophet Muhammad ﷺ is regarded as the final messenger of Allah. His life serves as a perfect example of character, leadership, and devotion. Muslims strive to follow his teachings and emulate his actions.
Q 20: What are some of the Prophet's titles?
Answer:
- Al-Amin: The Trustworthy.
- As-Sadiq: The Truthful.
- Rasulullah: The Messenger of Allah.
- Khairul Khalq: The Best of Creation.